Feldbeschreibung   Exposure of rat brain to 915 MHz GSM microwaves induces changes in gene expression but not double stranded DNA breaks or effects on chromatin conformation. by Belyaev IY, Koch CB, Terenius O, Röxstrom-Lindquist K, Malmgren LO, Sommer WH, Salford LG, Persson BR published in: Bioelectromagnetics 2006; 27 (4): 295 - 306 Exposure 1: Main characteristics frequency: 915 MHz type of field: electromagnetic field Modulation type of modulation: pulsed (PW) pulse width: 577 µs duty factor/cycle 12.5% pulse repetition rate: 217 Hz add. information: The signal included all standard GSM modulations. (?) No voice modulation was applied, and the discontinuous transmission mode (DTX) was off. Exposure setup exposure source/structure: cellular phone, TEM cell exposure time pattern: continuous for 2 h chamber details: The output of a GSM900 test mobile phone was connected by coaxial cable to a TEM cell which has been described previously in the reference article. In principle, this is a spliced coaxial cable with a central electrode and an outer shield electrode with the unique characteristic of having both linear amplitude and phase response versus frequency and allowing relatively homogeneous exposures of samples. setup details: Rats were not restrained during exposure inside the TEM cell. The power of the test phone was kept constant at 33 dBm (2 W) and monitored online using a power meter. add. information: Sham exposures were performed in the same TEM cell with MW power off. The order of four independent MW and sham exposures was randomized among sessions on four consecutive days. Exposure parameters parameter: value: type: method: averaging mass: remark: power  2 W  peak value  measured  -  -  SAR  0.4 mW/g  average over mass  measured and calculated  whole body  -  measurement and calculation details: The SAR value was determined both by measurements and by calculations: Incident, reflected and transmitted powers were measured for an input power of 1 W using a power meter and a coaxial directional coupler. The absorbed power was then calculated and the average whole body SAR was determined showing very small variations of average whole body SAR for rats of different sizes. Numerical calculations were performed using the FDTD method. The SAR in the brains of rats was found to vary less than four-fold from the average value of 0.4 mW/g in the numerical rat shaped phantom at different positions inside the TEM cell. The calculated SAR values were in good agreement with the measured ones. Reference article Persson BRR et al. (1997): Blood-brain barrier permeability in rats exposed to electromagnetic fields used... Zu den Artikel-Basisdaten Glossar: absorbed, amplitude, brains, coaxial cable, duty factor, electrode, electromagnetic field, exposure, FDTD, frequency, GSM, homogeneous, Hz, linear, MHz, mobile phone, mode, modulation, MW, power, pulsed, pulse repetition rate, pulse width, PW, randomized, rat, restrained, SAR, Sessions, sham exposures, signal, TEM cell

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