Feldbeschreibung   Non-thermal DNA breakage by mobile-phone radiation (1800 MHz) in human fibroblasts and in transformed GFSH-R17 rat granulosa cells in vitro. by Diem E, Schwarz C, Adlkofer F, Jahn O, Rüdiger H published in: Mutat Res 2005; 583 (2): 178 - 183 Exposure 1: Main characteristics frequency: 1800 MHz type of field: electromagnetic field field characteristics: guided field Modulation type of modulation: continuous wave (CW) Exposure setup exposure source/structure: R18 hollow rectangular waveguides exposure time pattern: continuous for 4, 16 and 24 h chamber details: Two waveguides were placed inside a commercial incubator at 37°C, 5% CO2, and 95% humidity. A computer randomly determined which of the two waveguides was used for exposure (blind design). setup details: Six Petri dishes were exposed simultaneously in the waveguide and placed in the H-field maxima. add. information: Each exposure level was tested in duplicate. Exposure parameters parameter: value: type: method: remark: SAR  2 W/kg  mean value  measured and calculated  -  measurement and calculation details: Temperature and fields (SAR) were continuously monitored at the location of the dishes (see reference articles). Measurements of the exposure system by the provider showed a non-uniformity of SAR for monolayer cell cultures of less than 30% and a temperature load of less than 0.03 °C per W/kg of SAR. Exposure 2: Main characteristics frequency: 1800 MHz type of field: electromagnetic field field characteristics: guided field Modulation type of modulation: continuous wave (CW) Exposure setup exposure source/structure: same setup as in Exposure 1 exposure time pattern: intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 4, 16 and 24 h Exposure parameters parameter: value: type: method: remark: SAR  2 W/kg  mean value  measured and calculated  -  Exposure 3: Main characteristics frequency: 1800 MHz type of field: electromagnetic field field characteristics: guided field Modulation type of modulation: pulsed (PW) pulse width: 576 µs duty factor/cycle 12.5% pulse repetition rate: 217 Hz type of pulse rectangular add. information: GSM basic signal having a frame length of 4.61 ms. Since every 26th frame was idle, an 8 Hz modulation component was integrated into the signal. Exposure setup exposure source/structure: same setup as in Exposure 1 exposure time pattern: intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 4, 16 and 24 h Exposure parameters parameter: value: type: method: remark: SAR  2 W/kg  mean value  measured and calculated  -  Exposure 4: Main characteristics frequency: 1800 MHz type of field: electromagnetic field field characteristics: guided field Modulation type of modulation: pulsed (PW) pulse width: 576 µs duty factor/cycle 12.5% pulse repetition rate: 217 Hz type of pulse rectangular add. information: GSM talk signal alternating between GSM basic (97 s) and DTX mode (50 s) simulating a conversation. Exposure setup exposure source/structure: same setup as in Exposure 1 exposure time pattern: continuous for 4, 16 and 24 h Exposure parameters parameter: value: type: method: remark: SAR  1.2 W/kg  mean value  measured and calculated  -  Reference articles Schuderer J et al. (2003): Effect of the meniscus at the solid/liquid interface on the SAR distribution in... Schönborn F et al. (2001): Basis for optimization of in vitro exposure apparatus for health hazard... Zu den Artikel-Basisdaten Glossar: basic, cell cultures, CO2, computer, CW, duty factor, electromagnetic field, exposed, exposure, GSM, GSM Talk, Hz, incubator, intermittent, mean value, MHz, mode, modulation, monolayer, petri dishes, pulse, pulsed, pulse repetition rate, pulse width, PW, randomly, SAR, signal, waveguide

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