Medizinische/biologische Studie (experimentelle Studie)

Effects of GSM Cellular Phones on Human Hearing: The European Project "GUARD" med./bio.

[Wirkungen von GSM-Mobiltelefonen auf das menschliche Hören: Das Europäische Projekt "GUARD"]

Von: Parazzini M, Brazzale AR, Paglialonga A, Tognola G, Collet L, Moulin A, Lutman ME, Bell SL, Thomas NA, Uloziene I, Uloza V, Thuroczy G, Tavartkiladze G, Tsalighopoulos M, Kyriafinis G, Ravazzani P

Veröffentlicht in: Radiat Res 2007; 168 (5): 608-613

Referenz im RIS-Format herunterladen

Ziel der Studie (lt. Autor)

Es sollten die möglichen Wirkungen einer Exposition bei GSM-modulierten elektromagnetischen Feldern (sowohl bei 900 MHz als auch bei 1800 MHz) auf das Gehörsystem des Menschen untersucht werden.

Hintergrund/weitere Details

Es nahmen 169 Testpersonen teil. Der Versuch wurde zweimal durchgeführt: Einmal mit elektromagnetischer Feld-Exposition und einmal mit Schein-Exposition (mindestens 24 h voneinander getrennt).

Endpunkt

auditorische Funktion

Exposition/Befeldung (teilweise nur auf Englisch)

Exposition	Parameter
Exposition 1: 900 MHz Modulationsart: gepulst Expositionsdauer: kontinuierlich für 10 min	Leistung: 2 W SAR: 0,41 W/kg Maximum (1 g)
Exposition 2: 1.800 MHz Modulationsart: gepulst Expositionsdauer: kontinuierlich für 10 min	Leistung: 1 W SAR: 0,19 W/kg Maximum (1 g)

Allgemeine Informationen

There were two sessions on separate days (at least 24 h apart) with a real (test) exposure and with a sham (control) exposure in a double-blind counterbalanced design. Half of the participants received GSM exposure at 900 MHz and at 1800 MHz, respectively.

Exposition 1

Hauptcharakteristika

Frequenz	900 MHz
Typ	elektromagnetisches Feld
Expositionsdauer	kontinuierlich für 10 min

Modulation

Modulationsart	gepulst
Zusatzinfo	GSM

Expositionsaufbau

Expositionsquelle	Mobiltelefon at full power
Aufbau	A system of phone fixation, made of non-metallic plastic materials and consisting of a headband, an adjustable arm and a phone holder that allowed free head movement, was used for placing the phone in the normal use position, in accordance with CENELEC standard EN 50361.
Schein-Exposition	Eine Schein-Exposition wurde durchgeführt.
Zusatzinfo	The sham or genuine exposure was realised using a 50-Ω resistive load or an open-circuit dummy load of the same shape and structure connected to the remote antenna connector of the phone.

Parameter

Messgröße	Wert	Typ	Methode	Masse	Bemerkungen
Leistung	2 W	-	-	-	-
SAR	0,41 W/kg	Maximum	gemessen	1 g	-

Zusätzliche Parameterdetails

The indicated maximum SAR was measured at a distance of 30 mm from the surface of the phantom which corresponds approximately to that of the cochlea.

Mess- und Berechnungsdetails

In order to estimate the level of EMF exposure in the inner ear region, SAR measurements were made in standard brain tissue equivalent liquid in a phantom using a 3-D step motor robot system, an internal E-field probe and a non-metallic phone-positioning system with the phone being held on the phantom in the ''touch position'', according to CENELEC standard EN 50361. The output of the phone had previously been measured using a frequency and power meter and circulators through the external antenna output of the phone.

Exposition 2

Hauptcharakteristika

Frequenz	1.800 MHz
Typ	elektromagnetisches Feld
Expositionsdauer	kontinuierlich für 10 min

Modulation

Modulationsart	gepulst
Zusatzinfo	GSM

Expositionsaufbau

Expositionsquelle	gleicher Aufbau wie Exposition 1
Schein-Exposition	Eine Schein-Exposition wurde durchgeführt.

Parameter

Messgröße	Wert	Typ	Methode	Masse	Bemerkungen
Leistung	1 W	-	-	-	-
SAR	0,19 W/kg	Maximum	gemessen	1 g	-

Exponiertes System:

Methoden Endpunkt/Messparameter/Methodik

auditorische Funktion (Hörpegel, transitorisch evozierte otoakustische Emissionen (TEOAE), otoakustisches Verzerrungsprodukt (DPOAE); akustisch evozierte Hirnstammpotenziale (ABR))

Untersuchtes System:

Untersuchung am lebenden Organismus

Untersuchtes Organsystem:

Untersuchungszeitpunkt:

vor der Befeldung
nach der Befeldung

Hauptergebnis der Studie (lt. Autor)

Es wurden keine Wirkungen von GSM-Mobiltelefon-Signalen auf die Hautptmessgrößen des Zustands des auditorischen Systems gefunden.

Studienmerkmale:

medizinische/biologische Studie
experimentelle Studie
Voll-/Hauptstudie
Doppelblind-Studie

Studie gefördert durch

European Project GUARD ("Potential adverse effects of GSM cellular phones on hearing")

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