• experimental
  
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Medical/biological Study (experimental study)

Modulator effects of L-carnitine and selenium on wireless devices (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative stress and electroencephalography records in brain of rat. med./biol.

PubMed Entry

Journal web site

Aim of study (according to author)
To investigate the effects of 2.45 GHz exposure on the brain antioxidant redox system and EEG in rats, as well as protective effects of selenium and L-carnitine on brain oxidative injury induced by electromagnetic exposure.
Background/further details:
Selenium is an essential trace element which plays an important role in a number of biological processes. L-carnitine is an essential co-factor in the metabolism of lipids and in the production of cellular energy.
30 male rats were divided into five groups: 1) cage control; 2) sham exposure; 3) 2.45 GHz exposure; 4) 2.45 GHz exposure + selenium; 5) 2.45 GHz exposure + L-carnitine. The first dose of selenium and L-carnitine was administered 24 h before exposure. Before sacrificing the animals EEG recordings were taken.

Endpoint

• effects on the neurological system: EEG + oxidative stress response in the brain (cortex)

Exposure
General category: radio frequency field, PW (pulsed wave), 2.45 GHz, wireless transmitter (RF)

Field characteristics	Parameters
2.45 GHz pulsed (PW) exposure duration: continuous for 60 min/day, for 28 days	power: 2 W max value SAR: 0.1 W/kg average over mass (whole body) SAR: 1.73 W/kg average over mass (brain)

Exposed system:
animal (species/strain): rat/Wistar albino
partial body exposure: head

Methods
Endpoint/Measurement parameters/Methodology

• effects on the neurological system: EEG (seizure susceptibility: number of spikes after exposure) and oxidative stress response in the brain (lipid peroxidation, glutathione level, glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity, ß-carotene level; antioxidant vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E; spectrophotometry)

Main outcome of study (according to author)
The concentrations of the antioxidant vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E were significantly lower in the exposure group (3) than in the control groups (1, 2). The groups 4 and 5 had significantly higher vitamin concentrations than the exposure group (3). Regarding the mean glutathione level, glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity and ß-carotene values, no significant differences between the five groups were observed. Only in group 4 the glutathione peroxidase enzyme acitivity was significantly higher than in group 1. Lipid peroxidation was significantly lower in group 4 and 5 compared to group 1, 2 and 3, indicating an effect of selenium and L-carnitine. However, lipid peroxidation was not affected by 2.45 GHz exposure compared to the control groups (1, 2).
During the EEG recordings, the 2.45 GHz exposure did not affect spike numbers, but in group 4 and 5 they were significantly decreased compared to the exposure group (3).
L-carnithine and selenium seemed to have protective effects on the 2.45 GHz induced decrease of vitamins. The L-carnitine administration seemed to be more protective than the selenium administration.

(Study character: medical/biological study, experimental study, full/main study, double-blind study)

Study funded by

• not stated

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