Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Increased apoptosis and DNA double-strand breaks in the embryonic mouse brain in response to very low-dose X-rays but not 50 Hz magnetic fields med./bio.

Published in: J R Soc Interface 2014; 11 (100): 20140783

Aim of study (acc. to author)

DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in fetal mouse brain as possible effects of an whole body exposure to a 50 Hz magnetic field or X-rays should be investigated.

Background/further details

Up to four pregnant mice were exposed to acute doses of 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mGy of X-rays or under different exposure conditions to a magnetic field and sham exposure, respectively. Cage controls were conducted in parallel to each treatment. Subsequently, the animals were sacrificed, fetuses were removed and cryosections of the investigated brain areas were produced and investigated. For each exposure condition and control, two sections from each of three embryos from each of three mothers (a total of 18 sections) were analyzed.

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 50 Hz
Exposure duration: continuous for 2 hours
Exposure 2: 50 Hz
Exposure duration: intermittent for 15 hours (5 min on and 10 min off)
Exposure 3: 50 Hz
Exposure duration: continuous for 15 hours

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 50 Hz
Type
Waveform
Exposure duration continuous for 2 hours
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Setup During exposure (or sham exposure), up to four pregnant mice were housed in a non-metallic cage between a pair of Helmholtz coils.
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 100 µT - measured - -

Exposure 2

Main characteristics
Frequency 50 Hz
Type
Waveform
Exposure duration intermittent for 15 hours (5 min on and 10 min off)
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 300 µT - measured - -

Exposure 3

Main characteristics
Frequency 50 Hz
Type
Waveform
Exposure duration continuous for 15 hours
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 300 µT - measured - -

Reference articles

  • Kabacik S et al. (2013): Investigation of transcriptional responses of juvenile mouse bone marrow to power frequency magnetic fields

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Investigated organ system:
Time of investigation:
  • after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

A statistically significant increase in formation of double-strand breaks and apoptosis was detected in samples after X-ray radiation with 10 - 200 mGy compared to the control. In contrast to that, no significant differences compared to the control were found in samples of animals exposed to the magnetic fields.
Therefore, the authors conclude that any generation of double-strand breaks and apoptosis in fetal mouse brain by an exposure to magnetic fields is lower than by radiation with 10 mGy X-rays.

Study character:

Study funded by

Related articles