Medical/biological Study (experimental study)

Comparative analysis of the protective effects of melatonin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on mobile phone-induced renal impairment in rat. med./biol.

PubMed Entry

Journal web site

Aim of study (according to author)
To compare the protective effects of melatonin and CAPE against 900 MHz electromagnetic field-induced renal tubular injury.
Background/further details:
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is one of the major components of honeybee propolis. It has been used in folk medicine for many years in Middle East countries. Melatonin and CAPE were found to be potent free radical scavengers and antioxidants.
ROS such as superoxide and nitric oxide may contribute to the pathophysiology of electromagnetic irradiation-induced renal impairment.

Endpoint

• oxidative stress-induced renal impairment

Exposure
General category: mobile phone

Field characteristics	Parameters
900 MHz continuous wave (CW) exposure duration: repeated daily exposure, 30 min/day for 10 days	power: 2 W peak value power flux density: 1.04 mW/cm² mean value SAR: 1.04 W/kg mean value

Exposed system:
animal (species/strain): rat/Sprague-Dawley
whole body exposure

Methods
Endpoint/Measurement parameters/Methodology

• molecular biosynthesis: content of malondialdehyde (index of lipid peroxidation), urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG, a marker of renal tubular injury) (spectrophotometry)
• others: oxidative stress-induced renal impairment (content of different markers, see "molecular biosynthesis"); antioxidant status (activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase)

Main outcome of study (according to author)
Urinary NAG and renal malondialdehyde were increased in electromagnetic field exposed animals while both melatonin and CAPE caused a significant reduction in the levels of these parameters but the effect of melatonin was more potent than that of CAPE. Likewise, renal superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were decreased in exposed rats while melatonin caused a significant increase in the activities of these antioxidant enzymes but CAPE did not.
In conclusion, melatonin and CAPE prevent renal tubular injury by reducing oxidative stress and protect the kidney from oxidative damage induced by mobile phone (900 MHz). Nevertheless, melatonin seems to be a more potent antioxidant in comparison to CAPE in kidney.

(Study character: medical/biological study, experimental study, full/main study)

Study funded by

• not stated/none

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