• experimental
  
• epidemiological
  

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Medical/biological Study (experimental study)

Ginkgo biloba prevents mobile phone-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. med./biol.

PubMed Entry

Journal web site

Aim of study (according to author)
To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extracts on mobile phone induced oxidative stress in brain tissue of rats.
Background/further details:
Ginkgo extracts were feed to rats as dry powder. Specific metabolites such as malondialdehyde and nitric oxide (NO) and a broad variety of enzymes involved in antioxidative metabolism were investigated.

Endpoint

• oxidative stress

Exposure
General category: analog mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM

Field characteristics	Parameters
900 MHz continuous wave (CW) exposure duration: repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day for 7 days	SAR: 2 W/kg max value (peak SAR of the brain) SAR: 0.25 W/kg average over mass (whole body)

Exposed system:
animal (species/strain): rat/Wistar
partial body exposure: head

Methods
Endpoint/Measurement parameters/Methodology

• morphological/histopathological changes: examination of histopathological changes (light microscopy)
• effects on the neurological system: oxidative stress in brain tissue (see above)
• others: oxidative stress (determination of metabolites (malondialdehyde and nitric oxide) and enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, xanthine oxidase, and adenosine deaminase))

Main outcome of study (according to author)
The three main outcomes of this study on rat brain can be resumed as followed:
1) mobile phones can induce oxidative damage. This is shown by increased levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, xanthine oxidase, and adenosine deaminase.
2) Alterations in brain are histopathologically detectable.
3) Ginkgo biloba extracts act as a free radical scavenger agent and prevents oxidative damage and histopathological changes.

(Study character: medical/biological study, experimental study, full/main study)

Study funded by

• not stated

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