研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[超低周波磁界へのばく露とアルツハイマー病のリスク上昇との関連の可能性を調べるツールと​​しての細胞アッセイ] med./bio.

The Cytome Assay as a Tool to Investigate the Possible Association Between Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields and an Increased Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

著者: Maes A, Anthonissen R, Wambacq S, Simons K, Verschaeve L
掲載誌: J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 50 (3): 741-749
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この研究は、超低周波磁界（ELF-MF）へのばく露とアルツハイマー病（AD）のリスク上昇との関連のもっともらしさを探索するためのイン・ビトロの細胞遺伝学実験について検討した。著者らは、50Hz、50 μTのELF-MFにばく露した細胞で見られた小核および細胞核突出の頻度増加が、AD患者から採取した細胞で見られるものと同じ染色体不安定を誘導する可能性を指摘しているが、詳細はまだ不明であると報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

The genotoxic effects of exposure of human liver carcinoma cells to a 50 Hz magnetic field should be investigated in view of similarities to charactersitics of Alzheimer's disease patients cells.

詳細情報

The study comprised two parts. In the first part, cells were exposed to 10, 50, 100 and 500 µT magnetic fields. The second part was conducted as an independent repetition experiment with slightly changed exposure values, namely 5, 10, 50 and 100 µT. Each exposure was accompanied by its own unexposed control group and by a positive control (15 µg/ml methyl methane sulfonate).

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 50 Hz
ばく露時間: continuous for 24 hours
ばく露2: 50 Hz
ばく露時間: continuous for 24 hours
ばく露3: 50 Hz
ばく露時間: continuous for 24 hours
ばく露4: 50 Hz
ばく露時間: continuous for 24 hours
ばく露5: 50 Hz
ばく露時間: continuous for 24 hours

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 50 Hz
タイプ
  • magnetic field
波形
  • sinusoidal
ばく露時間 continuous for 24 hours
Additional information the field was not perfectly sinusoidal and contained 50 Hz fields (100%) as well as harmonics (10% at 250 Hz and 350 Hz and 5% at 550 Hz and 650 Hz)
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
チャンバの詳細 24 well plates in incubator
ばく露装置の詳細 a cylindrical coil (380 turn coil, 42 cm long, 20 cm inner diameter) with dimensions that were chosen so that it could be placed inside the incubator and provide a sufficiently large zone in which the cultures could be exposed to a nearly constant magnetic field (with a tolerance of a few percent)
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
磁束密度 5 µT - 計算値 - -
Additional parameter details

ambient magnetic field was 0.02 ± 0.01 mT

測定および計算の詳細

as no ferromagnetic materials were involved, the magnetic field was linearly related to the current flowing in the coil, which was monitored with an ammeter during the experiments

ばく露2

主たる特性
周波数 50 Hz
タイプ
  • magnetic field
波形
  • sinusoidal
ばく露時間 continuous for 24 hours
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
磁束密度 10 µT - 計算値 - -

ばく露3

主たる特性
周波数 50 Hz
タイプ
  • magnetic field
波形
  • sinusoidal
ばく露時間 continuous for 24 hours
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
磁束密度 50 µT - 計算値 - -

ばく露4

主たる特性
周波数 50 Hz
タイプ
  • magnetic field
波形
  • sinusoidal
ばく露時間 continuous for 24 hours
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
磁束密度 100 µT - 計算値 - -

ばく露5

主たる特性
周波数 50 Hz
タイプ
  • magnetic field
波形
  • sinusoidal
ばく露時間 continuous for 24 hours
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
磁束密度 500 µT - 計算値 - -

Reference articles

  • Verheyen GR et al. (2003): [ヒトリンパ球に対する50Hz磁界と異数体誘発物質への共ばく露の影響の、細胞質分裂ブロック小核アッセイによる判定]
  • Maes A et al. (2000): [異なる磁束密度の50 Hz磁界の細胞遺伝学的影響]

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

The analysis of both experiments showed that micronuclei and nuclear buds were significantly increased in cells exposed to magnetic flux densities of ≥50 µT and that nuclear bridges were significantly increased in cells exposed to magnetic flux densities of ≥100 µT compared to the control groups.
Cells with micronuclei predominantly contained large micronuclei presuming aneuploidy rather than chromosome breakage.
No cytotoxicity or apoptosis was found in any group. Necrosis and centrosome abnormalities were not scored as they were almost never seen.
The authors conclude that exposure of human liver carcinoma cells to a 50 Hz magnetic field with magnetic flux densities above 50 µT may induce chromosome instabilities as those found in Alzheimer's disease patients cells.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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