この研究は、コンピュータディスプレイ端末（VDU）、GSM携帯電話から放射される電磁界のばく露をニワトリやマウスの胚および幼若個体に与え（銅線の網を用いて、放射スペクトラムや強度を変化させたと述べている）、その毒性的影響を調べた。その結果、VDUへのばく露により、胎仔消失が増加し、血中の抗体、コルチコステロン、メラトニンの低下がみられた、などを報告している。
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The effects of exposure of chicken embryos to electromagnetic fields from a TV, computer screen or a 900 MHz mobile phone on embryonic mortality, immunologic and hormonal blood parameters should be investigated. Additionally, the effects of exposure of mice to a 900 MHz mobile phone on hormonal blood parameters and cancer should be investigated.
Chicken Embryos (fertilized eggs) were divided into the following groups: 1) TV exposure until 47 days after hatching (n=30), 2) computer screen exposure (n=30) until 47 days after hatching, 3) TV exposure until hatching (n=60), 4) computer screen exposure until hatching (n=60), 5) mobile phone exposure until hatching (n=60; 3 repetitions), 6) mobile phone exposure with shielding gauze against radiofrequency fields until hatching (n=60; 2 repetitions). For each group, a separate corresponding sham exposure group with the same amount of embryos, respectively, was used.
Mice were exposed to the mobile phone from an age of 5 weeks up to 20 weeks. At the age of 17 weeks, Lewis tumor cells were injected. The mice were divided into the following groups (n=15 each): 7) sham exposure without tumor injection as control group, 8) sham exposure and tumor injection, 9) mobile phone exposure and tumor injection, 10) mobile phone exposure with shielding gauze and tumor injection, 11) mobile phone exposure and tumor injection and additional examinations before tumor injection.
| ばく露 | パラメータ |
|---|---|
|
ばく露1:
900 MHz
ばく露時間:
continuous for up to 15 weeks
mobile phone without shielding gauze
|
|
|
ばく露2:
900 MHz
ばく露時間:
continuous for up to 15 weeks
mobile phone with shielding gauze
|
|
ばく露3:
ばく露時間:
continuous for up to 47 days
|
|
ばく露4:
ばく露時間:
continuous for up to 47 days
computer screen
|
| 周波数 | 900 MHz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous for up to 15 weeks |
| Additional information | mobile phone without shielding gauze |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| チャンバの詳細 | non-metal cages for mice |
| ばく露装置の詳細 | the phone sent an automatic call every minute; for eggs: mobile phone was placed in the center of the plate supporting the eggs at a height of 10 cm and 5 cm from the surface of the eggs with its front side facing them; for mice: phone was placed 4 cm below their cage; room temperature for mice was 22°C |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| 周波数 | 900 MHz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous for up to 15 weeks |
| Additional information | mobile phone with shielding gauze |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| チャンバの詳細 | non-metal cages for mice |
| ばく露装置の詳細 | addition to setup E1: an earthed copper gauze of 0.47 m x 0.57 m and mesh diameter of 350 pm was interposed between eggs or the mice and the mobile phone; grid did not touch the animals but was placed 1 cm from the eggs or the mice |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| 周波数 |
|
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous for up to 47 days |
| Additional information | TV |
| Additional information | whole spectrum of electromagnetic waves including radio frequencies, infrared frequencies, microwaves and X-rays but mostly visible light, very low frequency and extremely low frequency radiation |
| 周波数 |
|
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous for up to 47 days |
| Additional information | computer screen |
| Additional information | whole spectrum of electromagnetic waves including radio frequencies, infrared frequencies, microwaves and X-rays but mostly visible light, very low frequency and extremely low frequency radiation |
Mortality was significantly increased in chicken embryos exposed to a TV or computer screen and it was considerably increased (remark EMF-Portal: probably also significant but not clearly stated) in embryos exposed to the mobile phone with and without gauze compared to the sham exposure groups.
The melatonin level and amount of IgG-type antibodies were significantly increased in chicken embryos exposed to a TV or computer screen compared to the sham exposure groups.
Cancer was not significantly altered in mice with induced tumors exposed to the mobile phone with or without the gauze compared to sham exposed mice with induced tumors. The levels of corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone were significantly reduced in all mice exposed to the mobile phone with or without the gauze compared to sham-exposed mice independently of the presence of tumors.
The authors conclude that exposure of chicken embryos to electromagnetic fields from a TV, computer screen or a 900 MHz mobile phone could increase chicken embryonic mortality and change immunological and hormonal parameters in the blood of chicken and mice.
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