Studientyp:
Epidemiologische Studie
(Beobachtungsstudie)
Could the geomagnetic field be an effect modifier for studies of power-frequency magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia?
epidem.
[Könnte das Erdmagnetfeld ein Effektmodifizierer von Studien zu Netzfrequenz-Magnetfeldern und Kinderleukämie sein?]
Von:
Swanson J, Kheifets L
Veröffentlicht in: J Radiol Prot 2012; 32 (4): 413-418
Ziel der Studie (lt. Autor)
Weitere Details
Bislang wurde kein biophysikalischer Wechselwirkungs-Mechanismus zwischen den Magnetfeldern und lebenden Systemen entdeckt, der in der Lage ist, signifikante Wirkungen auf dem Sub-Mikrotesla-Niveau, wie in den epidemiologischen Studien zu Kinderleukämie aufgezeigt wird, hervorzurufen. Ein möglicher Mechanismus für eine kausale Verbindung sind Wirkungen von Magnetfeldern auf biologische Reaktionen, die freie Radikale beinhalten. Dabei werden Wirkungen von Änderungen in Dauermagnetfeldern als auch in magnetischen Wechselfeldern vorausgesagt, deshalb gibt es unterschiedliche Konsequenzen an verschiedenen Orten auf der Erdoberfläche aufgrund der Unterschiede im Erdmagnetfeld.
Die vorliegende Studie basiert auf den gepoolten Analysen von Ahlbom et al (2000) und Kheifets et al (2010) und schließt folgende elf Studien ein: Feychting et al, 1993 (Schweden), Verkasalo et al, 1993 (Finnland), Linet et al, 1997 (USA), Michaelis et al, 1997 (Deutschland), McBride et al, 1999 (Kanada), UK Childhood Cancer Study Investigators, 1999 (Großbritannien), Schüz et al, 2001 (Deutschland), Kabuto et al, 2006 (Japan), Malagoli et al, 2010 (Italien), Kroll et al, 2010 (Großbritannien) und Wünsch Filho et al, 2011 (Brasilien).
Endpunkt/Art der Risikoabschätzung
Art der Abschätzung:
(Odds Ratio (OR))
Exposition
Abschätzung
- Liste: Identifizierung des südlichsten und nördlichsten Punkts von jedem relevantem geografischem Gebiet, aus dem die Teilnehmer der jeweiligen Studie kamen; Bestimmung der internationalen geomagnetischen Referenzfelder mithilfe des nationalen geophysikalischen Datenzentrums
- Berechnung: mittleres Erdmagnetfeld für jede Studie
Expositionsgruppen
|
Gruppe
|
Charakteristik
|
|
Gruppe 1
|
Magnetfeld-Exposition: ≥ 0,3 µT bzw. 0,4 µT und Erdmagnetfeld
|
Population
-
Gruppe:
-
Alter:
0–15 Jahre
-
Merkmale:
Kinderleukämie
-
Beobachtungszeitraum:
1960 - 2009
-
Studienort:
Schweden, Finnland, Deutschland, Italien, Großbritannien, USA, Kanada, Japan, Brasilien
Statistische Analysemethode:
Ergebnisse (lt. Autor)
Einschränkungen (lt. Autor)
Die Aussagekraft der Studie ist eingeschränkt, da alle vorhandenen Studien (mit Ausnahme der brasilianischen Studie, zu der es methodische Fragen gibt) aus einem relativ engen Bereich der geografischen Breite und damit des Erdmagnetfelds stammen. Die Spannbreite der geomagnetischen Felder zwischen den untersuchten Ländern ist nicht viel größer als die normalen Störungen des Erdmagnetfelds innerhalb eines Landes.
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